Allium schoenoprasum (Allium)

This is the smallest species of the onion family, often used in cooking; but also makes a very attractive plant in the garden, especially when in flower. It is good for edging beds and paths as well as an important part of a herb garden.

History

Allium comes from either the latin word for garlic, or  it could also be derived from the celtic 'all' meaning strong. 'Schoenoprasum' is thought to come from the greek 'schoinos' which means 'a sedge or a rush' and 'prasum' which means 'an onion or a leek'. The english word chive, comes from the french word 'cive'; a derivative of the latin word for onion which is 'cepa'. Alliums are native to Europe, Asia and North America and have been cultivated for many thousands of years.

Planting

In March/April plant bulbs in well drained soil either in a sunny border or a container that is to be placed in a sunny position.  The bulbs should be planted with the growing tip pointing upwards at a depth of 4-5cm. If using a container make sure grit is added to a good multi-purpose compost and ensure that there is at least 2.5cm of compost beneath the bulb to give enough room for  the roots to spread. Water in well after planting.

Propagation

Seeds (plant April-May), Division.

Cultivation

Grows well in any reasonably fertile, well drained soil in full sun.

Aftercare

Little care is required, applying a mulch in winter will provide enough food for these plants, unless the soil is really poor in which a fertiliser such as blood, fish and bone can be used in spring.  Regular harvesting helps to stimulate further new young growth, which has the best flavour. Removing the flower heads when they appear will also ensure all the growth goes into the leaves. 

Pests

Trouble free.

Diseases

Mildew, Onion White Rot.

This plant is scented.

Other information

Chives are a favourite of bees and other pollinating insects. They also have some medical properties, similar to garlic, but weaker,  they have a beneficial effect on the circulatory system by lowering the blood pressure. The flower heads can be preserved and used in dried flower arrangements.

Height/Spread

Chives are bulb-forming herbaceous perennial plants that can grow up to 50cm tall.  The bulbs are conical but thin, 2-3 cm long and 1cm wide. The bulbs grow in dense clusters and form neat tufted clumps, with leaves that are hollow tubes 2-3mm in diameter. The  flowers that appear in July and August are mauve/pale purple in colour.  They form 1-2cm wide, rounded heads, with spikey petals and are edible.

Annual care

February

Apply a mulch of well rotted organic material around the base of the plant.

March

New seeds or bulbs can be planted during this month.

July

Harvest the leaves regularly to encourage new growth.