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| RosesRoses are highly prized shrubs which are noted for their beautiful flower colour and scent. They have been popular in the modern day sense since around 1820 with hundreds of varieties now being available enabling garden roses to flower continuously throughout the growing season.
There are a number of different types of rose but garden roses are grouped in two different ways: by habit of their growth and by their ancestry. Wild roses are the descendants of all the roses which we have in our gardens today. Old Roses Old Oriental Roses Old European Roses 19th Century Hybrid New Climbing Hybrids Modern Roses Climbing Roses
Miniature Roses Shrub Roses Old Roses: Introduced before 1867, 1900 or 1945 (This depends on your point of view). They are generally bushier plants with flowers that are at their best when fully out. Old Oriental Roses China roses: The oldest of all roses. Short bushes with flowers that repeat constantly. Tea roses: Similar to China roses and get their name from the scent of China tea leaves. Tend to be tender but drought tolerant. Medium sized bushes needing minimal pruning. Noisette roses: Hardy climbing roses or semi climbers with masses of small flowers in large clusters flowering through the whole growing season. Old European Roses Gallica roses: Large sweetly scented flowers on medium sized bushes. Very hardy and can live in very poor soil conditions. Alba roses: Pink or white medium sized flowers with strong scent. Tall plants that can be described as leggy. They have grey/grey-blue leaves and although hardy, only flower once. Damasks: Large flowers grow on a tall plant which lack rigour. They have many thorns and soft green/green-grey foliage. Most are single flowering. Portland roses: Repeat flowering. Can grow low and with a spreading nature but later hybrids tend to be stocky and upright. Bourbon roses: Repeat flowering with an open habit. Grow tall (2-3m) with an open habit. They have glossy foliage, and large sweet scented flowers that return repeatedly. Prone to mildew and black spot more than most roses. Hybrid Perpetual roses: Closely related to Bourbon roses. Bred for their large flowers. Vigorous growth that is open in style. Although they flower more than once, the second show may not be as stunning as the first. 19th Century Hybrid Rugosa roses: Tall (2.5m+) shrubby plants which are very hardy and have large scented flowers which grow in profusion. They also produce large red hips which look great too. Repeat flowering and easy to grow. New Climbing Hybrids Multiflora and Wichurana ramblers were created from hybridisation in the late 1890s. Most had large clusters of small flowers, but most only flowered once. they have long flexible branches which are ideal to cover trellis work or pergolas. Modern Roses Hybrid Tea roses: These began life by accident when French bees pollinated English specimens. They have an upright habit with thick stems. Some say they are not as attractive plants as the older varieties but when plant in groups, the difference is negligible. They were elegant, hardy and flower perpetually. These are the most popular roses on sale today and come in every colour and shade except pure blue. Hybrid Musk roses: Shrubs with a loose habit. Large clusters of strongly scented, medium sized flowers which grow throughout the growing season. Floribunda roses: Gained popularity in the 1950s. Many flower colour variations which grow in clusters and are smaller in size than those of Hybrid Tea roses. Most are derived from a group of wild species called Synstlae. After discovering that China and Tea roses sometimes produce shoots which had great vigour, these were bred and cultivated as a climbing variety of the original plant.
These came about from crossing short China roses with Polyanthus roses in the 1930s. In the 1970s, the size gap between miniature roses and the smaller Floribunda roses merged and now everything with a size between the two generally get called patio roses.
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